How does increased biodiversity benefit human health?

Increased biodiversity benefits human health primarily by maintaining ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are the myriad benefits that humans derive from ecosystems, including clean air and water, pollination of crops, nutrient cycling, and climate regulation. Biodiversity plays a crucial role in ensuring that these services are sustained. For instance, a diverse ecosystem is generally more resilient to disturbances such as diseases and climate change, which helps preserve the stability of food supplies and clean water sources essential for human health.

In addition, biodiversity supports a wider variety of species that contribute to soil health and plant productivity, directly impacting agriculture and food security. When ecosystems are rich in diversity, they can better withstand environmental pressures, thereby ensuring consistent access to clean resources that are vital for human survival and well-being.

The other options do touch on aspects related to human health, but they do not address the fundamental role that biodiversity plays in supporting and maintaining the ecological balance and services upon which human health is heavily reliant. For example, while having more recreational spaces can improve mental health, it does not directly link to the broader benefits of ecosystem function that biodiversity provides. Reducing agricultural yields and increasing urban development generally pose threats to both biodiversity and ecosystem services, thus undermining the health benefits derived from a rich and diverse natural