What happens to ecosystem services when biodiversity decreases?

When biodiversity decreases, ecosystem services are likely to decline due to the interdependence of species within an ecosystem. Ecosystem services encompass a wide range of benefits that humans receive from the natural environment, including clean air and water, pollination of crops, soil fertility, disease regulation, and climate regulation.

Biodiversity plays a crucial role in the resilience and functionality of ecosystems. High biodiversity generally means a greater variety of species performing different roles, which contributes to the stability and health of the ecosystem. For instance, a variety of plant species can support numerous pollinator species; if some plant species are lost, it can lead to a decline in pollinator populations, subsequently affecting crop yields and food supply.

As specific species are lost, it often results in a reduction in the efficiency and robustness of ecosystem processes, leading to a decrease in the quality and availability of these services. This decline can impact human well-being and economic stability, particularly in communities that rely heavily on natural resources. Therefore, the connection between biodiversity and ecosystem services is vital for maintaining a healthy environment.