What is typically the primary component of landfills?

The primary component of landfills is organic waste. This type of waste includes biodegradable materials such as food scraps, yard waste, and any other materials that can decompose over time. The significance of organic waste in landfills stems from its large volume, particularly in residential waste streams. As populations grow and food production increases, a substantial amount of organic material is generated, making it the largest component by weight and volume in many landfills.

While construction debris, plastic waste, and inert materials are also found in landfills, they typically do not comprise the majority of the total landfill content. Construction debris, for example, may be significant but is often managed separately through recycling and debris diversion systems. Plastic waste remains a concern due to its long decomposition time, and while it can be present in large quantities, it is not the primary component. Inert materials, like dirt and rock, do fill space in a landfill but are generally minimal compared to the organic material. Understanding these components helps in waste management strategies, including composting and diversion programs to reduce landfill reliance.