Which government agency is primarily responsible for overseeing food safety in the United States?

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the agency primarily responsible for overseeing food safety in the United States. This role includes establishing and enforcing regulations related to food production, processing, distribution, and labeling. The FDA ensures that food products are safe, sanitary, and labeled according to federal standards. It conducts inspections, provides guidance to manufacturers, and responds to food safety emergencies.

The FDA's jurisdiction covers a wide range of food products, including packaged foods, grains, and dietary supplements, as well as overseeing the safety of food additives and the health claims made on labels. This comprehensive oversight is essential in preventing foodborne illnesses and ensuring public health.

In contrast, other agencies have distinct roles related to food safety. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) primarily focuses on environmental protection, including regulating pesticide use, while the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) monitors health threats and responds to disease outbreaks, including those linked to food but does not regulate food safety directly. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) oversees public health initiatives, including health promotion and disease prevention programs, but it does not specifically handle food safety regulations as the FDA does.