Which of the following is commonly recognized as a primary goal of the Montreal Protocol?

The primary goal of the Montreal Protocol is ozone layer recovery. This international treaty was established to phase out the production and consumption of substances known to deplete the ozone layer, particularly chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting chemicals. By targeting these harmful substances, the protocol aims to protect and restore the ozone layer, which acts as a shield against harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. This recovery is crucial for preventing increased rates of skin cancer, cataracts, and other negative health effects, as well as supporting the overall health of ecosystems.

The other options, while they relate to important environmental issues, are not the primary focus of the Montreal Protocol. Eliminating greenhouse gases pertains to climate change initiatives, reducing acid rain addresses air quality and emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, and managing waste disposal involves waste management and environmental health concerns. The success of the Montreal Protocol in addressing ozone depletion has set a precedent for international cooperation in environmental health, but its core objective remains the recovery and protection of the ozone layer.